Lesson 08: How sentences change

Read the characters, say the pinyin aloud, then cover the English line and try to recall the meaning. The example shows one beginner use of each term; meanings vary with context.

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再

zài

again; then; more

请再说一次。

qǐng zài shuō yí cì.

Please say it one more time.

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还

hái

still; also; in addition

他还在工作。

tā hái zài gōng zuò.

He is still working.

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已经

yǐ jīng

already

我已经吃过了。

wǒ yǐ jīng chī guo le.

I have already eaten.

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了

particle marking completion or a new situation

下雨了。

xià yǔ le.

It has started raining.

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过

guo

particle marking past experience

我去过上海。

wǒ qù guo Shàng hǎi.

I have been to Shanghai.

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得

particle introducing a description of how an action is done

她唱得很好。

tā chàng de hěn hǎo.

She sings very well.

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把

bǎ

particle placing an affected object before the verb

请把门关上。

qǐng bǎ mén guān shàng.

Please close the door.

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比

bǐ

than; compared with

今天比昨天热。

jīn tiān bǐ zuó tiān rè.

Today is hotter than yesterday.

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和

hé

and; with

我和妹妹去买菜。

wǒ hé mèi mei qù mǎi cài.

My younger sister and I are going grocery shopping.

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里

lǐ

inside; in

杯子里有水。

bēi zi lǐ yǒu shuǐ.

There is water in the cup.

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